Indra, the chief deity of the Vedic people has been variously interpreted as the Sun, the Rain God, the Thunder God, the Lord of Victorious Aryan nomads etc. He is supposed to have killed the demon of drought i.e. Vrtra, won battles for his followers. However, the nature of Indra still remains to be satisfactorily understood.

In the present article, the author has put forward the views that Indra was the Lord of Agriculture and Bestower of Lands for the Vedic people.

Indra was responsible for the release of lands submerged under water. He was mainly responsible for channellising the river courses held by Vrtra, i.e., due to tectonic upheavals. Indra is the chief deity of the Yajna ritual associated with the seasonal cycle of agricultural harvesting. He is associated with furrow sacrifice. An ornamented plough-share and yoking of plough etc., are part of the rituals connected with Indra. It is likely that the vast improvement in the agricultural production and river channelling techniques be attributed to Indra. Thus imparting improved agricultural practices brought out complete transformation in the life of the Vedic people. Tradition too points to his being the Lord of foods. From the evidence pointed out in the article, Indra of Vedic period emerges as the principal deity of agriculture in Ancient India.